
Who owns the carbon claim? ASEAN’s dilemma
ASEAN today stands at a climate crossroads. Governments are pledging bold nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement, while corporations across the region are racing to declare net-zero strategies. Both fronts appear aligned in ambition, but beneath the surface lies a growing tension: who truly owns the carbon claim? When governments and companies report the same emission reduction, credibility falters. This is not a minor technicality. It is a